Massachusetts Wildlife Rehabilitator Practice Exam

Which mammalian group primarily consumes plant matter and has molar teeth for grinding?

1. Carnivores

2. Herbivores

3. Omnivores

4. Insectivores

The correct answer is: Herbivores

Herbivores are the mammalian group that primarily consumes plant matter and possess specialized molar teeth designed for grinding. These molars have a broad, flat surface that allows herbivores to effectively break down tough plant materials such as leaves, stems, and roots, which are fibrous and require significant processing for proper digestion. This grinding action is essential because plant matter can be difficult to digest due to its cellulose content. Herbivores also often have adaptations like longer intestines to help in the fermentation process, allowing bacteria to break down the cellulose effectively. The structure of their teeth reflects their diet, with the molars being particularly adapted for this purpose. In contrast, carnivores primarily consume meat, possessing sharp teeth for tearing flesh rather than grinding plant material. Omnivores, while they do consume both plant and animal matter, do not have the same specialization in their molars for grinding as seen in herbivores. Insectivores primarily feed on insects and have teeth adapted for that specific diet rather than for grinding plant matter. Thus, herbivores are uniquely characterized by both their diet and dental morphology, making them the correct answer to the question.