Massachusetts Wildlife Rehabilitator Practice Exam

What is a leading cause of metabolic bone disease (MBD) in animals?

1. A lack of protein

2. An improper balance of calcium and phosphorous

3. A lack of dietary fats

4. An excess of carbohydrates

The correct answer is: An improper balance of calcium and phosphorous

Metabolic bone disease (MBD) primarily arises from an improper balance of calcium and phosphorus in an animal's diet. Calcium is essential for bone health and structure, and phosphorus plays a crucial role in energy transfer and bone metabolism. When the ratio of calcium to phosphorus is not maintained within a proper range, it can lead to insufficient calcium levels in the body, as excess phosphorus can inhibit calcium absorption and utilization. This deficiency can result in weakened bones and skeletal deformities, characteristic of MBD. Understanding the relationship between these minerals is vital for maintaining healthy bone physiology in animals. Correct dietary formulations must ensure the appropriate calcium-to-phosphorus ratio to prevent such deficiencies and promote overall health. Inadequate or excess levels of other nutrients such as protein, fats, or carbohydrates may impact an animal's health in other ways but are not the primary contributors to the onset of metabolic bone disease.